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Understand Thyroxine-Binding Globulin (TBG)

Thyroxine-Binding Globulin (TBG)

Hormone markers

What the test generally measures, and what to ask about it.

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Updated Jul 13, 2026

What is Thyroxine-Binding Globulin (TBG)?

The main protein that carries thyroid hormone through your blood.

Thyroxine-binding globulin is the protein that transports most of your thyroid hormone, keeping a reserve that tissues can draw on. Higher levels can be associated with pregnancy, estrogen use or certain inherited patterns, while lower levels can be associated with some illnesses, steroid use or an inherited deficiency. TBG mainly matters when it seems to be skewing thyroid hormone readings, so it is a specialized test used to explain confusing results rather than a routine one.

This glossary entry is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Read our Terms of Use.

References

Official source "Physiology, Thyroid Hormone (StatPearls) - TBG as carrier protein" StatPearls / NCBI Bookshelf (NLM). www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK500006.

About our sources

Clinical / professional

Medical societies, specialty colleges, and professional associations whose consensus statements reflect clinical practice standards.

Peer-reviewed research

Original research articles and systematic reviews published in indexed journals and verified through PubMed or DOI.

History of updates

Published · Jul 13, 2026
First published, written and independently fact-checked against the cited sources.

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