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Rheumatoid Factor (RF)

Immunity & allergy markers

What the test generally measures, and what to ask about it.

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Updated Jul 13, 2026

What is Rheumatoid Factor (RF)?

A blood test for an antibody that can target your own antibodies, used mainly as part of looking into rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid factor is an antibody that, instead of fighting germs, can target the body's own antibodies, and this test measures how much of it is in your blood. It is used mostly together with other tests to help investigate rheumatoid arthritis when joint symptoms are present, and higher levels can also be associated with other autoimmune conditions, some chronic infections, and occasionally certain cancers. It is not a clean yes/no answer: some healthy people have small amounts, and some people with rheumatoid arthritis have little or none, so it is rare to get tested for high RF levels if you do not have symptoms, and results are always read alongside symptoms and other findings.

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References

Clinical "Rheumatoid Factor (RF) Test" MedlinePlus (NIH/NLM). medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/rheumatoid-factor-rf-test.
Official source "Rheumatoid Factor - StatPearls" StatPearls / NCBI Bookshelf (NLM). www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532898.

About our sources

Clinical / professional

Medical societies, specialty colleges, and professional associations whose consensus statements reflect clinical practice standards.

Peer-reviewed research

Original research articles and systematic reviews published in indexed journals and verified through PubMed or DOI.

History of updates

Published · Jul 13, 2026
First published; written and independently fact-checked against the cited sources.

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